Xunzi (Xun Kuang) · Philosophy

Human Nature Is Bad: The Crooked Wood

Xunzi&rsquo;s most famous doctrine, <em>xing e</em> - that human nature is bad, and that all our goodness is <em>wei</em>, deliberate human achievement. Like crooked wood that must be steamed against the press-frame to become straight, the raw self must be reshaped by teachers, ritual, and law before it turns virtuous.

What you'll be able to recall

You learned that Xunzi held human nature ( xing ) to be bad - a bundle of appetites and self-seeking - while goodness is wei , the acquired product of training, ritual, and effort, against Mencius&rsquo;s claim that we are born with the sprouts of virtue. Explain the doctrine and its crooked-wood image in your own wor…

Leads to Mencius.

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