Niccolo Machiavelli · Politics

The Lion and the Fox

Machiavelli’s teaching that a ruler must master both force and fraud, keep faith only when it serves him, and above all <em>appear</em> virtuous whatever he truly is.

What you'll be able to recall

You learned that Machiavelli separates appearing virtuous from being virtuous. Explain why he thinks the appearance matters more, and what danger that creates, in your own words.

Leads to Immanuel Kant.

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