Theology

Buddhaghosa

c. 5th century CE, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

The great commentator who systematized Theravada Buddhism, mapping the whole path from virtue through concentration to the wisdom that sees a world of pure conditions and ends suffering.

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Lessons

The Voice of the Buddha: The Commentator’s Task

Buddhaghosa’s great project - gathering the ancient Sinhala commentaries preserved at the Great Monastery of Anuradhapura and rendering them into Pali, so that the settled meaning of the Buddha’s word could be organized…

Virtue First: The Ground Beneath the Path

Buddhaghosa’s analysis of sila , moral discipline - the first of the three trainings and the indispensable foundation of all meditation: restraint of the senses, right livelihood, and the purification of conduct that pr…

The Four Boundless States: Love Without Limit

Buddhaghosa’s detailed method for cultivating the four brahmaviharas or divine abidings - loving-kindness, compassion, sympathetic joy, and equanimity - and above all his technique of ‘breaking down the barriers’ so tha…

Dependent Origination: The Wheel of Conditions

Buddhaghosa’s exposition of paticca-samuppada , dependent origination - the twelve-linked chain by which suffering arises through conditions rather than through a creator, fate, or chance, and the ‘wheel of becoming’ th…

Deeds Without a Doer: Kamma, Rebirth, and the Mind

Buddhaghosa’s Abhidhamma analysis of experience into momentary events of consciousness ( citta ) and mental factors ( cetasika ), and how kamma and rebirth can operate through this impersonal stream with no enduring sel…

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