Philosophy
c. 30 CE to before 101 CE, Volsinii, Roman Italy
The Roman Socrates: that philosophy is training not talk, that women must study it as fully as men, and that virtue is learned by living it.
Start learning Musonius →Musonius Rufus taught that philosophy is not clever talk but the practice of noble living - virtue trained into us the way health is trained by a doctor and skill by a musician, through askesis (disciplined exercise) of…
In two discourses, Musonius argued that women have the same reason, the same senses, and the same capacity for virtue as men - and therefore need the same philosophical training, and daughters the same education as sons…
Musonius made marriage central to the good life: not a mere means to children or property, but a koinonia - a complete partnership of life and mutual care - and the household the everyday arena in which Stoic virtue is…
Musonius insisted that virtue is trained in the smallest daily choices - what we eat, wear, and live among. Self-control begins at the table (‘the beginning and foundation of temperance lies in self-control in eat…
Twice exiled himself, Musonius argued that exile takes nothing that truly matters: the whole universe is our common fatherland, and the good person carries his virtue everywhere. He held, too, that the philosopher will…
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