Politics

Jean Jacques Rousseau

1712 to 1778, Geneva

The general will and the paradox of freedom.

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Lessons

Man Is Born Free

Rousseau’s revolutionary reversal of Hobbes: human beings are naturally good and free, and it is society, not nature, that corrupts them.

This Is Mine

Rousseau’s account of how humanity fell - from free and equal in nature to chained by property, vanity, and the rule of the rich.

The General Will

Rousseau’s answer to how people can unite under government yet remain free - by obeying only a collective will that is truly their own.

Living in the Eyes of Others

Rousseau’s piercing psychology of how society makes us define ourselves by comparison - the source of both our vanity and our misery.

The Education of Emile

Rousseau’s vision of an education that follows nature instead of crushing it - and the contradictions that haunt his most influential book.

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